Hundreds of books have been written about the development of thinking; they teach them to think positively, creatively and on a large scale. But not so much is written about what thinking is. A lot is written about the types and laws of thinking, its peculiarities at different ages, but little is mentioned about the essence of the process itself.
Instruction manual
one
The perception of the world is deeply subjective, each person has his own, associated with the characteristics of his personality as well as his experience of interaction with other people. After an event is a thing of the past, it can leave a representation in the mind, that is, its image.
Thinking is the process of operating in the mind with images, representations, as well as more complex formations, such as concepts and judgments. A concept is a verbalized idea about an object, and a judgment is the result of defining one concept through another.
2
Thinking is the process of creating a diverse relationship between perceptions, concepts and judgments. This process is common to all people, even the mentally retarded. However, the ability to keep in mind many concepts and connections at the same time and the ability to share the subtle differences of objects and phenomena distinguishes people of high intelligence from individuals with a lower level.
3
For thinking, it is characteristic to single out the most important, basic and ignore many details. Based on experience and generalization, a person draws conclusions about the properties of the world around him and acquires the ability to predict and draw conclusions, the concept of the truth of thinking is associated with this. True thinking is one that is adequate to reality, that is, it allows a person to make inferences and conclusions based on general knowledge without prior knowledge of all the features of a particular situation. If these conclusions are true, such thinking is called true. An example is the conclusions of Sherlock Holmes. He is a literary hero, but he also had a real prototype. Although such examples are very rare in life, and usually people have to put up with a certain amount of mistakes.
4
Another concept is the correctness of thinking, that is, the ability, the ability to operate with concepts and judgments according to the laws of logic. Most people feel the laws of logic instinctively and make no logical mistakes. However, correct thinking does not always give true results, usually this is due to inaccuracy of the source data or its insufficiency. The world is much more complicated than a logic book.