Temperament is one of the personality traits of a person, which is expressed in the peculiarities of his behavior, one or another reaction to events, and the dynamics of various mental processes. There are four main types of temperament, which were classified by the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates. Later, the Russian scientist Pavlov summed up the scientific basis for this teaching, finding out that temperament has a physiological basis - a combination of the basic properties of nervous processes. Each person has a different one.
Instruction manual
one
If you see that a person quickly converges with people, switches from one kind of activity to another quite easily, is well mastered in an unfamiliar environment and does not like monotonous activities, most likely he is a sanguine person. Such people have expressive facial expressions and gestures, but at the same time easily control their emotions. Sanguine people usually speak loudly and clearly, they are optimistic, but they quickly change their mood, moving from grief to joy, from fun to sadness. The holder of such a temperament can be very active and active, if they are interested. But as soon as the sanguine begins to get bored due to the monotony of his activity, he experiences lethargy, loses interest in the process.
2
If a person whose temperament must be determined is very excitable and unbalanced, often annoyed, acts swiftly, under the influence of an impulse, he is probably choleric. Those who have difficulties by nature, but their strength can quickly dry up, since the supply of nervous energy is small. Then such a person is in decline, annoyed, comes into conflict. Cholerices are usually hasty, talkative, sometimes overly cutting with others, overly straightforward and even rude.
3
If your “experimental” is slow and unhurried, and at the same time is most often calm, he is probably phlegmatic. Such people are usually balanced, in their activities they always show perseverance and thoughtfulness, bring what they have begun to the end. Phlegmatic people have slightly slowed down all mental processes, so they are calm and calm, restrained, do not show their feelings clearly, it is difficult to get them crazy. Sometimes (under adverse conditions), representatives of this temperament develop inertia and indifference to life, to people, to oneself.
4
If a person whose temperament you are diagnosing is deeply "in himself", easily susceptible to insults, is very worried about troubles and does not like new acquaintances, crowded companies, a change of scenery, this is, most likely, a melancholy person. Such people are easily vulnerable, suffer greatly even due to minor afflictions, although outwardly they usually do not show the appearance. They have slow mental processes, but, unlike phlegmatic people, feelings are strong and deep. Melancholy prone to loneliness and isolation, but in a familiar environment are able to perfectly cope with any tasks.
note
A particular temperament in its pure form is rare. Usually people combine the features of several, for example, "melancholic sanguine", etc.